La Consulta Previa en la explotación de litio en la Puna argentina: desafíos y oportunidades
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Derecho, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (DAR)
Resumen
Este trabajo explora la situación actual de implementación de los
procedimientos de consentimiento libre previo e informado (CLPI) vinculados a la
extracción de litio en Argentina. El nuevo impulso surgido por el descubrimiento de las
virtudes del litio, especialmente las divisas que atrae, y la posibilidad de generar parte del
proceso de industrialización de baterías de litio en la región, pasa por alto la necesidad de
llevar a cabo procedimientos de consulta y participación, ignorando las consecuencias para
la gobernabilidad democrática y visiones alternativas del desarrollo.
Más allá de la importancia del litio como mineral estratégico en vinculación
al desarrollo de la región, existen otros procesos en los que la cuestión del litio llama a
indagar en profundidad el funcionamiento de la institucionalidad democrática en un período
histórico en el que amplía la base de participación de la ciudadanía en la toma de decisiones.
En un momento de profundas transformaciones a nivel socio-político, la ampliación
de la participación ciudadana facilita la discusión de alternativas de desarrollo y modos de
concebir la democracia. Estas discusiones pondrán en funcionamiento la posibilidad de
integrar las políticas de distribución y reconocimiento para una visión integral de justicia.
Seguir postergando la eficacia de estas herramientas claves, sin duda traerá aumentos de
conflictividad con implicancias para las políticas públicas.
This paper explores the current state of implementation of procedures of free prior and informed consent (FPIC) linked to the extraction of lithium in Argentina. The new impulse emerged by the discovery of the virtues of lithium is attracting foreign currency for investment and opening a debate about the possibility of generating part of the process of industrialization of lithium batteries in the region. However, the need to carry out procedures for consultation and participation is being overlooked. This can have consequences for democratic governance and alternative visions of development. Beyond the importance of lithium as astrategic mineral for the development of the region, there are other matters in which the issue of lithium calls for further research. Investigation needs to focus on the functioning of democratic institutions at a time in which the basis for citizen participation in decision making has expanded. At a time of profound socio-political changes, the expansion of citizen participation facilitates the discussion of alternative ways of thinking about development and democracy. These discussions open the ground for integrating distribution and recognition policies for a comprehensive view of justice. Continuing postponing the effective enforcement of these key tools can rise more conflicts and have implications for public policies.
This paper explores the current state of implementation of procedures of free prior and informed consent (FPIC) linked to the extraction of lithium in Argentina. The new impulse emerged by the discovery of the virtues of lithium is attracting foreign currency for investment and opening a debate about the possibility of generating part of the process of industrialization of lithium batteries in the region. However, the need to carry out procedures for consultation and participation is being overlooked. This can have consequences for democratic governance and alternative visions of development. Beyond the importance of lithium as astrategic mineral for the development of the region, there are other matters in which the issue of lithium calls for further research. Investigation needs to focus on the functioning of democratic institutions at a time in which the basis for citizen participation in decision making has expanded. At a time of profound socio-political changes, the expansion of citizen participation facilitates the discussion of alternative ways of thinking about development and democracy. These discussions open the ground for integrating distribution and recognition policies for a comprehensive view of justice. Continuing postponing the effective enforcement of these key tools can rise more conflicts and have implications for public policies.
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Gestión de recursos naturales, Pueblos indígenas, Industrias extractivas, Consulta Previa, Argentina
